Imagine moving to a distant and unfamiliar land, far from friends and family, where everything -the weather, the plants and animals, the food, and even the illnesses-was new and often unpredictable. In this book the voices of South Australia’s early settlers resonate through letters and diaries, illuminating their struggles with illness and survival. From the perilous voyage to the challenges of an unfamiliar land, these settlers faced an unrelenting battle against a strange landscape, climate, and diseases. In 1839, Joseph Warner grappled with the devastating loss of his wife Mary, who succumbed to illness shortly after their arrival. His diary reveals a man torn between caring for his children, managing a fledgling farmstead, and tending to his ailing wife. Such deeply personal accounts, drawn together in this book, provide vivid insights into the harsh realities of settler life in 1800s South Australia. Through extensive research into early medical history, this book explores how South Australian settlers coped with ailments and death, the relentless torment of insects, extremes of weather, and the rudimentary conditions of makeshift camps. It highlights their medical concerns, their trust in and skepticism of doctors, and their resilience in adapting to an unyielding environment. By bringing these stories to light, this book offers a compelling journey into South Australian medical history, enriching the broader field of Australian medical history. For readers with an interest in historical diseases and the struggles of early settlers, this work provides an invaluable glimpse into the medical challenges of the past.